Hacks und Commands

**Images mit dd:**
Komprimiertes Image Vom Laufwerk erstellen:
dd if=/dev/sda | gzip --best >kodi-Image.gz

Zurückschreiben:
gunzip -c kodi-Image.gz | dd of=/dev/sda

**Dateiliste erstellen und die Liste mit einem Befehl abarbeiten:
**
*#/bin/bash
find /media/usbhd/Multimedia/Video/recordings/  -name "*.mpeg">liste
for f in $(cat liste) ; do 
rm $f
done

***Encodieren nach Liste***

*#/bin/bash
find /Media/Video/recordings/ -mtime 90 -name "*.mpeg">mpeg_liste
for mpeg in $(cat mpeg_liste) ; do 
mencoder -ovc x264 -oac mp3lame -ofps 25 -o $mpeg.mp4 $mpeg
done

--------------------------------------------------------------------

Find and do something...serial

find -iname '*.pdf' -exec cp {} /home/willi/pdf/ \;

-----------------------------------------------------------------------
**Audio extraieren aus *.mp4**
ffmpeg -i "The Eagles - Hotel California.mp4" -vn -acodec flac file.flac

**JPG aus *mp4 extraieren**
ffmpeg -i "vlc-record.mp4" -an -f image2 "output_%05d.jpg"

**mp4 aus jpg + Text einfügen

Insert Text in Video:
ffmpeg -i output_Montag2.mp4 -vf  drawtext="fontfile=/usr/share/fonts/truetype/ttf-dejavu/DejaVuSerif.ttf:text='12.04.21':fontsize=20:fontcolor=blue:x=1800:y=10" with_text3.mp4

ffmpeg -framerate 25 -start_number 4 -i Photo/Montag/image-%04d.jpg -c:v libx264 -profile:v high -crf 20 -pix_fmt yuv420p /home/willi/Montag_16-20output.mp4

ffmpeg -framerate 25  -i install/MO/image%04d.jpg -c:v libx264 -profile:v high -crf 20 -pix_fmt yuv420p /home/willi/Montag_19output.mp4

------------
**Video kodieren x265**
ffmpeg -i "Der Auftragskiller - Zimmer 164.mp4" -c:v libx265 -preset medium -x265-params crf=25 -c:a aac -strict experimental -b:a 128k output.mp4

------------
**HD-Streams bearbeiten**
1. ffmpeg  -i 'vlc-record-.ts' -vcodec copy -acodec copy  'Wallander.ts'
     -korrigiert Fehler im Stream

2. ffmpeg -ss 00:05:55 -i 'Wallander.ts' -vcodec copy -acodec copy -bsf:a aac_adtstoasc -f mp4 'Wallander.mp4'
    - ss: schneidet die ersten 34 Sekunden ab
    - t : Schnitt an Streamposition 1:35:44 (gemessen ab -ss)
    - bsf:  behebt Fehler in der Audiospur
------------

Permissions von Files numerisch anzeigen:  

stat -c "%A %a %N" *

-----------------

**Leerzeichen in Dateinamen entfernen**
*#/bin/bash
 for i in *\ *
do mv "$i" "${i// /_}"
done*
oder:
*#/bin/bash
 for i in /media/usbhd/Multimedia/Video/recordings/Deutsches_Europa_Kino/*.mp4
do mv "$i" "${i// /_}" 
done

------------

**Installation nach Paketliste**
#/bin/bash
for pkg in $(cat installed_packages.list) ; do 
        apt-get -y install $pkg
    done

#Paketliste erstellt mit: dpkg -l|grep ii|awk '{print$2}'>installed_packages.list

------------
**Verschlüsseln/entschlüsseln mit ssl**

*
*#!/bin/bash*
*# make sure we get a file name*
if [ $# -lt 1 ]; then
  echo "Usage: $0 filename"
  exit 1
fi
openssl enc -e -aes256 -in "$1" -out "$1".enc*

*#!/bin/bash*
*# make sure we get 2 files*
if [ $# -lt 2 ]; then
  echo "Usage: $0 encrypted_file decrypted_file"
  exit 1
fi
openssl enc -d -aes256 -in "$1" -out "$2"

------------
**Streaming mit vlc**
**
**#/bin/bash
cvlc .mplayer/Sender.conf --extraintf http --sout udp:172.16.1.164&
exit

------------

#### Phpmyadmin für weiteren Server einrichten:
 **Datei: /etc/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php**:

<?php 
$cfg['blowfish_secret']='multiServerExample70518';
//any string of your choice (max. 46 characters)
$i = 0; 
 
$i++; // server 1 :
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type'] = 'cookie'; // needed for pma 2.x
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['verbose']   = 'no1'; 
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host']      = 'localhost';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['extension'] = 'mysqli';
// more options for #1 ...
 
$i++; // server 2 :
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type'] = 'cookie';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['verbose']   = 'no2'; 
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host']      = 'banapi';//or ip:'10.9.8.1'
// this server must allow remote clients, e.g., host 10.9.8.%
// not only in mysql.host but also in the startup configuration
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['extension'] = 'mysqli';
// more options for #2 ... 
 
// end of server sections
$cfg['ServerDefault'] = 0; // to choose the server on startup
 
// further general options ...
?>

------------
#### Teamviewer auf 64bit

Vielleicht zur Erklärung:
Das 64-Bit-Paket verwendet zum installieren das Paket Debiania32-libs, welches seit Wheezy nicht mehr vorhanden ist.
Du musst also die 32Bit Version installieren und vorher Multiarch freischalten mit:

dpkg --add-architecture i386

Danach ein

apt-get update

Jetzt das Paket herunterladen:

wget http://download.teamviewer.com/download/teamviewer_i386.deb

Das Paket installieren:

dpkg -i teamviewer_i386.deb

Und fehlende Abhängigkeiten installieren:

apt-get install -f

Steht auch sonst alles hier:
-> http://www.teamviewer.com/en/help/363-How-do-I-install-TeamViewer-on-my-Linux-distribution.aspx

------------

#### Samba meckert uber Cups -das gar nicht installiert ist...

#####prevent logsentries about cups####
     load printers = no
     printing = bsd
     printcap name = /dev/null
     disable spoolss = yes

------------
#### NATNAT: Dem Kernel das Weiterleiten beibringen
Wir möchten also dem Kernel das folgende mitteilen: Bei Paketen aus dem lokalen Netz, dessen IP-Adresse 
nicht mit seiner übereinstimmt, soll er die Absender-Adresse auf sich selbst ändern. Dazu machen wir noch 
die Annahme, dass das erste Netzwerk-Interface des Linux-Routers "eth0" mit dem lokalen Netz verbunden ist 
und die Internet-Verbindung am zweiten Interface "eth1" verfügbar ist. 
Der Befehl zur Freigabe der Internet-Verbindung lautet dann:

   *Anbinden eines LAN an das Internet*
   $> iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o tun0 -j MASQUERADE
   iptables-Tabellen speichern

**Beispiel um iptables-Tabellen zu speichern**:

sudo iptables-save > /etc/iptables_01.save 

**Beispiel um iptables-Tabellen wieder zu laden. Vorhandenen Regeln werden dabei gelöscht bzw. überschrieben.**

sudo iptables-restore < /etc/iptables_01.save 

**So werden bereits vorhandene Regeln nicht gelöscht:**

sudo iptables-restore -n < /etc/iptables_01.save
sudo iptables-restore --noflush < /etc/iptables_01.save 

So können natürlich auch mehrere Tabellen gespeichert und je nach Bedarf wieder geladen werden.
**iptables-Tabellen löschen**

sudo iptables --flush 
#### [Linux Nat Toutorial](http://www.karlrupp.net/de/computer/nat_tutorial "Linux Nat Toutorial")
------------

#### Mit sed alle Zeilen löschen, die "pattern" enthalten
sed '/pattern to match/d' ./infile
To directly modify the file (and create a backup):
sed -i.bak '/pattern to match/d' ./infile

#/bin/bash
mount -t cifs //fritz.box/fritz.nas /home/willi/smb -o username=Maria,password=oma

**SSH Passwordless Login** 
ssh-keygen -t rsa 
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub user@remote-system

** Dateiberechtigungen sichern**

To back up permissions in the current directory and its subdirectories recursively:

getfacl -R  >permissions.facl
To restore permissions:
setfacl --restore=permissions.facl

**Filesystemcheck:**

umount /media/veracrypt1
fsck /dev/mapper/veracrypt1

**Splitten von MP3:**
mp3splt:
Automatisch:
mp3splt -c query file.mp3
Manuell
mp3splt -s -p min=2 file.mp3

**Mount Winfreigabe:**
mount -t cifs //fritz.box/fritz.nas /home/willi/smb -o username=Maria,password=oma

wget komplette Seite

wget -r -l 0 -p -k -D alan-g.me.uk -L -np    http://www.alan-g.me.uk/l2p/

PiHole Docker Unbound – Error starting userland proxy: listen tcp4 0.0.0.0:53: bind: address already in use

systemctl disable systemd-resolved.service
systemctl stop systemd-resolved.service
rm /etc/resolv.conf
echo 1.1.1.1 > /etc/resolv.conf

Photoprism   - Hinzufügen von Exif-Daten

gps-Breddeberg:     exiftool -gpsposition="52.954431,7.612263"
gps-Münster:        exiftool -gpsposition="51.962474,7.641221"
gps-Woldendorp:        exiftool -gpsposition="53.264325,7.032647"
gps-Texel:        exiftool -gpsposition="53.042425,4.847604"
gps-Sögel:              exiftool -gpsposition="52.843778,7.525737"
gps-Hiddensee:          exiftool -gpsposition="54.566119,13.105373"
gps-Irland:             exiftool -gpsposition="52, -9"
gps-isselmeer:        exiftool -gpsposition="52.801742,5.404546"
gps-fanö:        exiftool -gpsposition="55.424075,8.369926"
gps-Martha Herford:    exiftool -gpsposition="52.120931,8.668131"
gps-Meck-Pomm:        exiftool -gpsposition="53.5,12.6"
gps-Kalkriese:        exiftool -gpsposition="52.413609,8.101240"
gps-DTV1847:        exiftool -gpsposition="51.243694,6.829081"
gps-Ittertal:        exiftool -gpsposition="51.190094,7.035310"
gps-Borkum        exiftool -gpsposition="53.600894,6.664150"
gps- Rom        exiftool -gpsposition="41.8,12.4"
gps- Langeoog        exiftool -gpsposition="53.751632,7.474670"
gps- Brasmsche        exiftool -gpsposition="52.404503, 7.978780"
gps-Hannover         exiftool -gpsposition="52.388348, 9.682896"
-----------------------------------------------------------------

exiftool -preserve -d "%Y%m%d %H%M%S" -AllDates="$DATESTR $TIMESTR" $FILE

exiftool -preserve -d "%Y%m%d %H%M%S" -AllDates="20200101 1200" 

exiftool -gpsposition="51.962474,7.641221"
exiftool -preserve -d "%Y%m%d %H%M%S" -AllDates="20140726 2000" *

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Paperless-Backup-Restore*

docker exec paperlessngx-webserver-1 document_exporter ../export

docker exec paperlessngx-webserver-1 document_importer ../export

• Paperlessversionen sollten übereinstimmen!

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Symbolic links

ln -s {source-filename} {symbolic-filename}

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mysql Wordpress URL-Update

Step 2: Select the WordPress Database:

Once you are logged into MySQL, you need to select the WordPress database. If you know the name of your WordPress database, use the following command:

use database_name;

Replace ‘database_name’ with the actual name of your WordPress database.

For example:

mysql> use wordpressdb;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

Check current value for ‘siteurl’ and ‘home’:

mysql> SELECT option_name, option_value FROM wp_options WHERE option_name IN ('siteurl', 'home');
+-------------+-----------------------------------+
| option_name | option_value                      |
+-------------+-----------------------------------+
| home        | https://www.webhostinggeeks.local |
| siteurl     | https://www.webhostinggeeks.local |
+-------------+-----------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

If you are not sure about the database name, you can list all the available databases using the following command:

show databases;

Then, select the appropriate database using the use command as shown above.

Step 3: Update the URLs:

To change the URLs in the database, you need to update two specific tables: wp_options and wp_posts. Execute the following commands:

UPDATE wp_options SET option_value = replace(option_value, 'old_url', 'new_url') WHERE option_name = 'home' OR option_name = 'siteurl';

Replace ‘old_url’ with the current URL of your WordPress site and ‘new_url’ with the new URL you want to set.

For example:

mysql> UPDATE wp_options SET option_value = 'https://webhostinggeeks.com/howto' WHERE option_name IN ('siteurl', 'home');
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 2  Changed: 2  Warnings: 0

Check the updated value for ‘siteurl’ and ‘home’ :

mysql> SELECT option_name, option_value FROM wp_options WHERE option_name IN ('siteurl', 'home');

+-------------+-----------------------------------+
| option_name | option_value                      |
+-------------+-----------------------------------+
| home        | https://webhostinggeeks.com/howto |
| siteurl     | https://webhostinggeeks.com/howto |
+-------------+-----------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Next, execute the following command to update the URLs in the wp_posts table:

UPDATE wp_posts SET post_content = replace(post_content, 'old_url', 'new_url');

Again, replace ‘old_url’ with the current URL and ‘new_url’ with the new URL.

Step 4: Confirm the Changes:

To ensure that the changes have been made successfully, execute the following commands:

SELECT option_value FROM wp_options WHERE option_name = 'home' OR option_name = 'siteurl';
SELECT guid FROM wp_posts WHERE post_type = 'post' OR post_type = 'page';

These commands will display the updated URLs in the wp_options table and the guid column of the wp_posts table.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

How to update the database URLs

Either of the following options can be used to update the URLs in your database.

Option 1 — Using the command line

If you are familiar with the command line, you can use wp-cli to update all URLs in the database at once.

This example changes the URL from example.com to dreamhostexample.com.

1. Log into your server via SSH.
2. Navigate to your WordPress directory. Make sure to change username to your Shell user:

   [server]$ cd /home/username/example.com

3. Create a database backup in your user directory. This is recommended so you can revert your changes if needed:

   [server]$ wp db export ~/backup`date +"%d-%m-%Y"-%T`.sql
   

4. Test the update first.
   • The --dry-run flag is used to test the command without making any changes.
   • The --all-tables-with-prefix flag is used to ensure the change is applied to all of the tables.

   [server]$ wp search-replace 'https://www.example.com/' 'https://dreamhostexample.com/' --all-tables-with-prefix --dry-run
   

   The above response confirms that there are replacements to be made. When you’re ready to run the command, remove the --dry-run flag:

   [server]$ wp search-replace 'https://www.example.com/' 'https://dreamhostexample.com/' --all-tables-with-prefix
   

Clear any cache that results from the search-replace functions:

[server]$ wp cache flush
Success: The cache was flushed.

Colationsfehler Postgres

docker exec -it paperlessngx-db-1 /bin/bash
psql -d paperless -U paperless
ALTER DATABASE paperless REFRESH COLLATION VERSION;
REINDEX DATABASE paperless;
\q
exit

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Performance VPS-Server

apt update
apt upgrade -y
apt install sysbench fio bpytop iperf3

lscpu
lspci

ping ipv4.ipv64.net
ping ipv6.ipv64.net

iperf3 -c speedtest.myloc.de -p 5200 -P 10 -4
iperf3 -c speedtest.myloc.de -p 5200 -P 10 -4 -R

sysbench cpu run
sysbench memory run

dd if=/dev/zero of=/root/test.iso bs=128k count=10000

## Schreib- / Lesetests
fio --name=write-test --size=1G --filename=/tmp/fio-testfile --bs=128k --rw=write --direct=1 --numjobs=1 --time_based --runtime=30 --group_reporting
fio --name=read-test --size=1G --filename=/tmp/fio-testfile --bs=128k --rw=read --direct=1 --numjobs=1 --time_based --runtime=30 --group_reporting
fio --name=realistic-test --filename=/tmp/fio-testfile --size=2G --bs=64k --rw=randrw --rwmixread=70 --direct=1 --iodepth=16 --numjobs=4 --time_based --runtime=60 --group_reporting